                         ˿µϣ20080418գ

08.04.18, Ӵѧĸΰ󣿡
08.04.18, LinchuangԸðʶһ澵ӡ
08.04.18, ƽӢԼ˴ѧѧܽᡷ
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08.04.18, Ϯ³Խ˹ٵβгʹ

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Ӵѧĸΰ󣿡

̽Ƶʣѧĸΰ

ӴѧķУĶԽ۵ķΰ󡣽
Ϊѧṩ˴ۣ춨ִѧĻǽ۵Ӱ
ѧ磬Ҳڿѧ磬Զ˼Ӱ졣

۵ġͬȡѧ˵̵ؽʾԴι̵
ȷȻеλá۵ġȻѡѧ˵Ϊѧѧ
˼ṩһո¹Ľϵ۳ѧƷ
ɫɫۣҲܾĿۣеĳȻء
ڴĽۣѧġȻۺ۲ųΪܡ

쵼ʷΪΰӰΪԶһԸ
ͳһ磬ṩһȫµۡۡ
ۺͷۣ˼еĿѧ

⣬ΪӰļЦûл
ùҽѧϿɣӰ첢û硣

(XYS20080418)

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Ըðʶһ澵

Linchuang

ѹڸðεľͿҽ˫ðʶ
һ澵ӣ˹ҽķ棺ҽѭѭ֤ҽѧԭְҵ
淶Ĳ㣬жҽѧһ֪ɵᣬƶȡĸã
ԼһЩ˷Ǻڼ׵ļ˼άʽȵȡ

Ҿܾȷ͹۵سһЩԸðĴʶڸð
α壬ҽ˫һõҽϵ

ʲôǸð

ðΪͨðԸðͨ˵ĸðҪָͨðȾ
ѧȨοMandell, Douglas, and Bennetts Principles and Practice 
of Infectious Diseases5th Ed. Philadephia: Churchill Livingstone, 
2005ͨð£Common cold is the traditional term used 
by both physicians and laypersons for the syndrome of acute upper 
respiratory tract illness. The existence of a signal entity, as 
implied by the term, is incorrect. Instead, the common cold is a 
group of diseases caused, for most part, by members of five families 
of viruses.£ͨðҽϺ֢Ⱥ
ĴͳͨðһֵһİʾǴġʵϣ
ͨðҪ5鲡һ鼲ϺҪָǻʡ
񼡢жȲλǲ״вϰٲ
ƫβಡͨðвȾ
׵ٴʱҲͨðơ

ͨðʸߣǳľԭ͹ѧϰȱԭ
ƽÿ귢24Σͯÿ68Σɾʧ400Ԫ

ϺȾ󣬱Ϊȡ顢ͷʹʹȲʡ
Ƥϸϸ𤸽֯ˮף˻ɵж񼡢
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ͨðҪݻߵ֢״ȷͨðԣ
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Ļشǿ϶ģҪ

Ϊʲôҽڱڸ»Ҫִŵظðˡÿҩ
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߳ԼٴԼ˸ðһߵжҲкܴ
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ѣŸðΪһ֢ȺֶΪ
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ͼȷȷǲѪѧֻкҽԺܹ
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⣬һٴҽ̫ðϣǴ֮ԡϺ
ȾЩϵġðʵѾðϺȾ
ķ룬 ŧԱסŧжסϸȾ֧
ססºȾ硰һθðǮ
ʱǰ˸ð

ҽƸðʱĳ

мλѾԴ˲ҽ׻ĴǶҺ
ӦҩҩƤʼغͿҩҶ⼸Щۡ

ӦҩҺ϶ǴȱݵģβҽЩ
ߵʹҽ޷赲ҾΪðҺҩ˺
⣬ЩȻŭڵҽƻƶ£Ϊ̫ƽ
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ͨðȷʵҪÿҩϣвҪһЩѷǸðĺ
ȾҲɸðΪҪÿҩҽҪһЩҽǣ
ͨðȷʵ̷ܼϸȾÿҩȥԤϸȾԭ
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ԤҩõĸЧͶҩȻʹãʹϸҩѸ
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ӦƤʼϺȾݣΪҽӦȡ
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Ҫص۵ǿơڹڣҽںȾӦ
Τ֣º̶ܴΪҩһƣ򡣵
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ȾSARS------һֹ״δ֤ʵЧ
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ϸ֧׺ͷףƾλڷԳѪȻɳȣ̹
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ѭ֤ҽѧԭѾ㷺ˣǲһӭжˣҲ

ȣѭ֤ҽѧԭȷʵȷķӦʱ̲ԭ򡣵
·ҽѧߵĻԶҽ⻹ûд𰸣е
ȷԭ򣬵ʱԴѡͱ̸ĸðҪÿ
ҩô֤϶Ǹðûм̷ϸȾ

ΣЩԭ򾡹ͬˣҪı˼άʽĹԡԭ
ΪжѣҪĲѺĲϷʡⲻҽѭ֤
˼άˣκξĹ̾ˡƩҾһЩBBSϿ
ģת۾Ϳͬޱרᡢ񶾡

ٴΣҽѧ漰ǳûҽоеƷ
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ãרҵƹ㡣ҪЩд̲ġȨͳ
ġȨǲҪ̲Է⣬ԼνľԿѭ֤ҽѧ
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ĶʵǿֿɱϣıԽԽ١

רҵĻ

ҽ֮õĽҽгҪҲҽ
ͷˮƽм˿ͬкжԹҽΪ
ȷʵҽԱ˾ãʹܹϰΪ
Ϊ

۹ҽˮƽͣμвɼ
ΪĮרҵֹĽޣΪԼԱҽøãֻẦ
ˡ

(XYS20080418)

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ӢԼ˴ѧѧܽ

ƽ
http://www.sciencenet.cn/blog/Bobby.htm

ݡ̩ʿThe TimesԼ˴ѧʮоˮƽȫӢѧ
ݡо˫ܡResearch FortnightƣԼ˴ѧ108Ӣ
ߵȽооˮƽġȻȡɼԼ˴ѧȴ
һУʱ䳤ģĴѧӢѧУԼ˴ѧ2060
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һԼ˴ѧϵ

Լ˴ѧԺϵУڵϵӢѧõϵ֮һ
Ӣ֤֣Quality Assurance AgencyQAAߵȽĴ
ʾԼ˴ѧϵѧ÷24/24ӢоResearch 
Assessment ExerciseRAEӢٷԴѧÿһϵƿˮƽۣÿ5
һΡRAEۣ2001꣩Լ˴ѧΪ52005Լ˴ѧ
ϵ221ƪݡѧ۲죨Science Watchͳƣ2001-2005
ƽÿƪ÷棬Լ˴ѧϵֲͶӢдѧ
оһӢ̩ʿTimes Higher Education 
SupplementҽѧۣԼ˴ѧΪ綥50ѧ֮һ

Լ˴ѧϵ19652002Ǩʵ¥о10000 
m2ʽС48MÿͶоѡ14Mƽÿÿ175000
60ѧоԱϵDale Sanders FRSڡԼ˴ѧϵר
ҵзϸѧmolecular cell biologyŴѧgenetics̬
ѧ뻷ecology, conservation and environmentﻯѧ
biochemistryרҵ˶ʿרҵѧbioscience 
technologyѧcomputational biology̬뻷
ecology and environmental managementܻѧfunctional 
genomicsѧmathematics and the living enviroment
ҵ＼-ʵҵindustrial biotechnology-innovation and 
enterprise

ʵϰ

20073-20083Ottoline Leyserڵʵһо
Ottoline LeyserΪӢʼҿѧԺԺʿΡֲ־The Plant 
Journal༭ֲѧAnnual Review of Plant Biology
ġBioessaysѧCurrent Biology
F1000ֲϸѧPlant and Cell Physiologyֲ
ѧơTrends in Plant ScienceίӢ＼ѧоί
ԱµĻͷѧίԱϯChair of BBSRC Genes and 
Developmental Biology CommitteeֲѧЭ»
International Society for Plant Molecular Biology Board of 
DirectorsѧоίԱϯChair of Biology Research 
Committeeŷ޷ѧ֯European Molecular Biology 
OrganisationEMBOԱOttoline LeyserϽм׸
źתзҪõĻ򡪡AXR1auxin resistant 1
2005Ottoline LeyserоСMark EstelleоСͬʱTIR1
F-box׾塣ĿǰоϽƷ֦һµġδ
MAXźʣأⷽؽشչ

ӢԼ˴ѧнѧƵļ۲

1ӢԼ˴ѧϵһķʸĸдǣ໥
ΣӶЧʵԴϵļﻥͨÿһʵ
Һܴ󣬵ûлΪС䣻ȻɸоС飬ǵҩƷ
ԼʵƷڼϻڳȻҲ
Ҷڹʵһ䱸ɭϣеĿϰԼʵҶҪ
оƺÿ˶һšϵÿԱһѴſԿ
ףԴ򿪼еʵң˺ܶ豸ɹáϵ¥¥
ҲƾſԿ׽룬һ¥г䱸΢¯ˮ󿧷ȵĻ
ȳ豸ԶۻͶҹһЩʳƷ
ĩͼҲɽʵճ

2Լ˴ѧϵΪƣtenure trackĽʦǾкܸ
ˮƽȡýϴѧɾ͵ԱձҵĲʿͨҪĲʿģ
ܶ඼ڲͬҵʵʿЩйʲʿ󱳾ģȡý
ɾ͵ѧ߲ŻлᱻΪԱӢĴѧо
ңͬ϶ԣҲ͸ӼңͨĿǣûһƪCNS
CellNatureSciences¼ƪӰģѱӢĴѧ
ΪƽʦȻѡγΪӢѧԱϸı׼ͬϸ
ƶҲ֤Լ˴ѧˮƽʦһĽѧˮ
׼ʵҵH M Ottoline LeyserӢŴѧCambridge 
UniversityBAPhDҵ1990-1993ӡڰɲ³
Bloomington Indianaʿ1993-1994굽ӢŴѧʿ
1994-1999ΪӢԼ˴ѧϵʦLecturer1999-2002Ϊ߼ʦ
򸱽ڣReader2002Ϊڣ2007ѡΪӢʼҿѧԺԺʿ
ϵһŮDianna J Bowles1973-75ڵ¹˹ڴѧ
University of Kaiserslautern, Germanyʿ1975׸˹
ѧUniversity of Regensburg, Germanyʿ1976ɫκ
ѧоThe Weizmann Institute of Science, Israelʿ
1976-77ӢŴѧUniversity of Cambridgeʿ1978ڵ
²ŷ޷ѧʵңEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, 
Heidelberg, Germanyʿ׸˹ѧ֮Ӣѧְ
Լ˴ѧÿһԱְƸߵͣԼʵңղʿ
ڹڵĶѧձҵ˶ʿʿɳΪԱ
Щ˽ͨûԼʵңڼѵĽѧͿйж
߳٣гһӵԼʵҡ

3Ӣѧڱѧʱͨ游ĸڴѧյɸѧ
ȥ죬һѡѧУרҵ󣬴󶼲ѧķѧҵƱҵֻ
ԿѧоȤѧŻ졣˶ʿѧ꣬
ʿѧģǱѧͨ뵽ѧ𣬸ݽѧ
ԴԼÿһǧǧӢȣ빤ҵҵԴĽѧϸߣԼ뱾
ȥȥ޼ڵͬпѧһ
ѧϰڼкܶѧԭѧķѧҵҵܴصѧ
ΪԾҵѡ񱨿о˶ʿÿѶԪʿԸ
һЩԶвѧҵæ򾭼ԭʹ˻Ϊ⣬
޲֮Ϊܶ˶ʿڼΪҹϰʿ
˶ʿݲ¡ʿҵϾľҵгڵ
ǣΪڵĹҵҵͲʿվû㹻ոձҵĲʿ


4ӢԼ˴ѧϵоʵһֺľ
ע⵽ʵҵĲʿҲڵĲʿһƣߣΪһƪSCI
ͷöĲʿͨĩϺټӰࣨĩʵҶ
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ʦȥָ𣬵ȻǸͦͶģҲǺģ
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ûǿй涨һҪһƪSCIĲ׼ҵ˵Ĳʿûѹ
ҲǲȷеġOttoline LeyserʵΪÿᣬҪ
Ҳںܳʱڹûнչ⣬ѧУȻûй涨
ʵƸʿʱҪ󣬱ҪڸӰӵı
ڿԵһ߷һƪȡԽĵʦ¸ɻԽԲʿ
ΪﲩʿϵҲضΪж깤
Ĳʿ̡ʵͨʵ鼼ʦʵҵճάת
Ҳй˸ϴ֮򵥵Ͽ˶ʿ
ʿɾ֣֮Ϊǲڵĺܶʵһѧȸ
оҲ˵ĹܶೣоҪԼΪϰ
ûвʿԱҲûмʦ͹ˣںٵ֧
ܶ˵ıҵӳ٣бҵ֮ǰҪSCIĵżڶ격ʿ
ֱҪҪ˵ҲҪѼƤʮ⣬ﻹܿеȤ

5ӢĲʿƸƣʹʵҵĹ뿪չҲ
͹ϴٽ˸ʵ֮ѧںϡͨĿǣʵҵ
ֻҪǮʽ𣩣ͿղʿǮԽ࣬µĲʿԽࡣ
ʿѡĹؼһԣһǵʦƼ˳˵һ£ĵʦ
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ڵĵʦдƼʱѧãֻǩѣ߼ʵ֮ʡ
ʿͬͨΪڣҲаһġо뵽һʵ
ԱϤ׶ʱҪѧоʱĲʿƸ
ƿʹʵҵо룬ʱ˷ѡӢ
ŷ˹ңŷ޵ҿɺܷصӢʵкܶŷ
޹ҵĲʿԱڵOttoline LeyserʵҾӢ
¹䡢µĴǡ͢ȹĲʿԱ
ЩǸֲ﷢ŴģҲеǸϢѧģЩ
óͬһоԱ໥ѧϰȡ̣о
Ҳһִٽá

6ڸƶȻĶҼΪԾѧشٽѧ
ϵҳ϶ԤÿµLectures/Seminars/Talksͨÿ
춼вͬLectures/Seminars/Talksһcell and 
molecular biologyinfection and immunityplant biologyBiochemistry 
and structural biologybioinfomaticsĽţǴԺУ
λڸо򼫻Ծרҽڡʱ䣨1215֡115
֣Lectures/Seminars/TalksҲlunch clubʱӢ˵
ʱ䣬Ӣ˵緹Ϊ򵥣ɱ߳Աһcell and molecular 
biologyΪרϵнɸԼ豸˾ѧ
ҲнʦͲʿоԱOttoline LeyserȻԺʿʱҲ
⣬ѧĲʿͱϵĲʿоԱҲᰴ˳ϵˮƽ
ԼĿ⡣ѧУϵ⣬ʵˮƽѧҲȽϻԾ
һЩǰι۵оԱμӦƸʿԱҲʵһϽѧ
ڵĶѧȣֻԾѧӡ̣Ϊڹ
ڵĴѧѧƵκ٣ʹУμӵҲӻԾʱҪ֯ѧ
ǰ״ڴѧоԾоǰأ
ѧΪпޡ

7ʵҹ棬Ottoline LeyserʵҵĹͬ
ºӡΪֹʽÿ֯ġʵÿ
21̽УÿһλʿʿоԱ·
вĵӡˢδߵӰ淢ףν
ģpaper of the weekһλԼоļƻͽչ
project report֮⣻⣬뵼
ʦԤԼ̸ʽʵҸԱձ
оչʦҲʵҸĿĽչоԱͷ
ʵͬʱҲҪʱԼĿͽչͨۼ뵼ʦ̸
ԼĿо·߼Ե֯ʽʵҳԱĿ
ʱЧ

ġ֪Ӣѧ

1Ӣѧͽѧ֮ǰڿգopen day
Ĵѧ˽⣬ʱѧԺϵнӴչ̨ϣ
ʦʹѧӴԱӴѧҳߵ⣬
ﲥŽԺϵƵϡеĴѧṩʳ

2ӢѧԴѧҲͬһȽɢɡӢѧ
ڵĸԱܵĹܹѧѧÿ˷һ
䣬ѧУԺϵص֪ͨͨվз˴ѧÿ
һ̨ǱҪģǴÿҪ䣬˽ǷҪͨ
֪ʦйعεϢӢǿѧ˽Ͷѧ̸
ͬӣѧУ಻棬ͬҪǣѧҪΪΪƲ
⣬ѧУҲйĴѧܴΡ

3ѧһ꼶ձסѧУᣬ꼶ⷿѧУƲơ
ѧУвͬȼλģһܰ˾ʮһ15Ԫң
ϣһ¾ҪİٰʵǹԢһסѧŮ
һcorridorѧԼĵңãеӼ
װãƲⷿҲⷿɡⷿӻҷ
ͨѧУվSmall Adsҡ

4ӢѧƵѧͨΪ꣬ҽҲġѧѧѧ
ҵĹϸпףҪԲáѧϰͬѧƵѧÿܵĿ
ʱҲͬѧĿƵĿʱ٣󲿷ʱͷдʦøǵ
essayЩγҪԼɣԣڴѧд
ʱcut & paste¡

5ӢѧһڣΪڡٺʥڣ൱ǵĺ
٣ӢڣEasterÿ321մֽڵռ»˴ּ
һ֮ĵһգԼ322-25֮䡣ڱ
Լܼ٣оܡٴ7·ݷŵ10·ݲſѧʥ̣
20졣һڣټ죨ʱһмգ
Ӣ˵Ӣѧѧϰʱе̡

6Ӣѧڶ࣬ټӢ˺עϢȨĩϼʥ
ڼʽһ㶼ҪϢ׼Ӱ࣬˸ѧܶ򹤵Ļᡣ
ѧ湤ֺʹʱ죬Լÿܿ׬һٰӢ˰ʽ
ߣ22%ϡ

7ӢѧʱйѧͬйѧǷżʱſӢ
ĴѧÿηżٻҲѧڿѧʱſڶ
С

8ӢĴѧʻ̶Ƚϸߣŷ˹ҵѧѧѺʹ
뱾ѧһǵѧԼΪŷ˹ѧһ뵽ķһ
ŷѧ϶ࡣУ԰ѧĹˣй˲Ӣ˺
ŷ޹ҵˡ

9ӢѧԸͽͥĸʺ͹̷ܽ죬еĺܺ
ദеĵȷ⣬ⷿͬס۸й˻Ǻˣʱ
ܻͬϰߺͶԴɾӳ̶ȶ³ͻ

10ӢһŽ̵ԽԽ٣ˣû
ǶйѧŽ̵ȴͦ࣬һй
Ƚģй˽ĳֹУ˽ӢĻԭ
£̵Ӣ˶йرĹעҲһԭֹ
һܵʿĴڨ롰ɧšǻü򵥵Ĵк

11Ӣѧ˼ɿţҲЩˣֻ棬
кܶ༫ƫ˼룬ʲôŮȨ塢ʳͻͶﱣȵȡ
ЩԱȵΪΣɳΪͶﱣԭּߡ
ΪչǾ÷չǵѣ˿Ҳǻһ
ɱΪǰЩűƣӢרšָ
ɱġվʹ½ɱиá֯Ա
ɱǻ˿ѹȵİ취ӢЩȷʵ
浽Щűýۣвվ
ƫ֮ϵģ԰ΪĻ˼άģΪʹӢӢ
ĴýҵܷֱֽڿΪḻҵýȻǿ
ġǼе˶ȻһʽרƺͶá

12ӢѧȻǴѧӢˣеˣ
ϲɿǻ󡢿ȸַԡһε϶׶԰С
ѲɷãϲʲôСʮа˾˵ɿӢѧʳ
ľɿɿߣǴ׷֡йϰù
ĻûƤʳӢϵĹӶȥƤģҲȥ
Ƥ˵ģӻȥƤ˻ʲô˼أӢ˵йѧҲ
ϰΪɿΪʳ

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ϴѧѧԺԺҫϵĹҿƼȽ

ã

ϴѧѧԺԺҫ2004/2006λõĹҿƼ
걨зǳصΪ걨е뱾˼Աû
κιϵĹ߼ѧ־20ƪһѧں
ʡɳСȵߵѧУ˼죬˼
Ӱ졣Ȼξʹϴѧйط淴Ӧԭ򣬴²
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ϣ˿վڴѧٵȷ塣вʵԸ
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ϴѧ ϢѧԺ   /ʿʦ

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ŷԶԺʿ϶𷢻صĵһͼƬֵ»ɽƴͼĽ



ȥ϶һȡóɹҹһŸ߷ֱƬܵʱ
ۣ֮һ϶ƬΪ٣90Ŀ̽͡
Ƭ쳣ơѷ϶ƬƬһɽ
ָ֮Ͳˣ϶𹤳̵ϯѧŷԶҲһ
Ϊ϶塣Ȼ»ɽµ⣬ʮ֮γһ
ǧ׵ĻɽҪԼʮ֮һСףСײȲ
40ʷ10ģײĸж󣨺С˵
¼δڶѧңİ߷־Ѿˣǰ
ܣѾķ»ɽܿǴƴĽ
ǺûйٷϢˡ

죨17ţŷԺʿĸУѧ̸ҵʦȥμӲ
⣬ŷԺʿƴˣʱڶҪյʮ
ݣԡ

ʦܻ˵ŷԺʿررǫ飬ж

֪Զйٷ϶ĵһƬ覴á
ԽĵͨϢô֪

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̸ҽְҵʷΪ

Ѱ

ǷԶС巣ģҷҽһ̬Ǿǲ
ͷ⣬һϾĻﳤģĳЩ˵
ǲ˼ģҪƵĲһض࣬Ҳ
ݡ꣬ҵĿᶨҲߵҪֵıԵ
ҲֹСĻʶ˾󲿷СĲʵ
ΪС˵Ĺ̻ܽͻУĸռĴҪС

һνСı棬ͬС巣ģϸҪ
ֻܴƨɣҪάСϣǰд˳ͷͷʱС
е裬СشƨɣԼ巣ʵʩֻ
СĸĸΪʲôֻСĸĸִ巣أΪĸİ
ģܱ֤ʵʩ̵ʵԡԾɲ޳巣ȴܹ
ܣĸƽͣʱִжС巣ϿԱ֤
ֹü໤ȨķСѧȷļֵȻһʱʹҪ

ҶҽǴҲԼҽҵȰӵпԳƵרҵ
ŻʹҵӮءΪѰ
Ȳ˵ѰPersonal˽˶Թ˵ľǣ
Ҳô⣬Ҷ˺ȤҼֵԭǵԲ
˿Ҫвأߺǲҽҵӣ
һٵƴйҽάһҵвԡ

άҵˮۣΪƻԶȽΪסZaslove
һӣҽͶʮ꣬Ϊһҽڵȡ˼
ҽݣ֮һλ½ҽ裬ϧ̬ȴʡ
ĮȻԲ˲ġԸ˵۸⣬10£
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˶ϰһ仰Scientia PotentiaKnowledge is power֪ʶ
ѧȴҲôһSelf-fulfilling 
Prophecy֪ʶBombayзһʱ˰չ
ԤǵޱȣǵԤԺ׼ȷΪ
Ϊ˱Լ԰࣬͵͵ӵھӼ԰ȥˣ鷳ǣǵ
ھҲͬ£Щ˵ͳ˴һԤǵ
Ȼᱣ࣬ǵԤҲʵˣֻŰҰռ
͵еȥЩ˵Ų㣬ӵĻ
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˵ҽ뻼ߵĳԶһµģֺгû
ΪƫɱΣͿԱ˵
Աϰѣ˵㷴ҵ˵ûе
ҽƭߣҲñйԷ㵹Ҿ
٣ֻҪҶִϣԷΪĵһֳٿҪ
ж೤Ҫ෴ѰҽԼͽҲ
ñǾͻһƬա

ZasloveһʵĽ̵½ǹעҽִҵ
øЧʣעҽϵ½ԶעҽͬԼҽԱĹϵ
࣬Zasloveı£߶ҽμһҽ
˹ջߵ⣬ҪʲôZaslove1998꣬
ҿ2004ٰ棬ʮǰNourseҽһרһ½СAreas 
of GrievanceרҽǶԻߵĴӡ

Nourseҽԭ˵ڱһٹ̵Ĵ
ִҵҽǵĲ֮䡣ҽԹ˶ԴҽȱͨĿ
ǣ̬ʶسƺǵĲΪ
Բˣȷʵȴ÷ǳһҽӶ

NourseҽҪĴӡУһǡ˺޴˽
ǵ״̬֪޴лҽҽ
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ΣǰִҵΪҪôΣҪô
ɥʧ˵Ρ˿ĳЩ֪޴һ
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ڶǲǲʵģòͣˣƱǼ򵥷㣬
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棬йҽԺҽǰÿһ˵ӷԴģҽȰҩ
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Ի֮һΪйҽʿλشģǻشʱʲôɫ
ʹǳȱֽΪ˼ʱҩԸԴεѹܾҲ
ʼйҽԺҪǮ󣡴Ӱӷﷸĳ
ǻκú֪жƱǵĽӰ죬ӷ
ΪҽԺδĸңûκξ÷ˣλ
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йҪҽģѵ֪ǻ𣿵ȻѰ΢
ᣬڵָϰӱܵͿһ滢Ƥ죬Ի롱
Թѧһ֪Ҳ޳֮ͽƣǸ롱Ƿϡѧ
Ҫġ

ҽ⣬йҽܲᶮ˲ǲʵòͺ
˵ϵһϵе鷳ҽҪʵ¼ҽΪȻ˷
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ַ˿֧Ʊͨʾִֵ˴˵˺ҽſüʮ
ǰ˱϶˵ݡڶˣһ׳
󣬺ܶʱҽ˲ܼʱؼ¼Լҽļǩ֣
󡣼ʹڴ󲿷˵ɱչ˾⣬ҽҲձҪһµ
ʱ䡣

NourseҽĻ˵ˣҽƷһ˿ˣҪ
޴˫ر׼ҽϵҽԼΪֻᱧŴĹ
Ⱥ룬ûûˡ

ǻֻԼĲ飬ȱҽԱĹģ˵ҹ˯
㣬һС°ѡNourseҽ˵еָһ
Ч⣬ܼ򵥵ĵСԤˣҲڰѡ
У߼һغ⣬еϰָˣ
ϰԼ˼ѰĲ磬ΪѰĶָһ
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ߵҲˡNourseҽ˵úȷΪҽԻ
ģߵı־ͻҽġйҽҪѧĻġ

һҽҽǡӦҽơFirst-aid MedicineNourseҽ
˵еҽľҽģʽԹһϣ˲ҽ
ҽȨҽԻ߽ȫƣֻǰҽ
ӦʽͷʹֻԸҽͷ֢״һȥ߾ͲˡҽֻƱ
⣬ҲҽΪԤԼˣǺԤԼʱڣ
ҽֻܶԲ˱֢״ƣѭйҽʵϺܴ
һĳ̫Ĳ˹Һţòӿ̣ԲҪɶҩ
ͿɶҩôȥһˡʮǰҽҪ
ˡ

ҲѲµNourseҽν⣬ȻǱԹ
һ⣬ԼҪӵߡNourseҽṩĴԲѧ
ϵԴչһרۣϸˡ֪ʶרҵ֪
ʶʹãǷǳǿͷųˣûʲôҽ᲻
Դ򿪵ģûʲôѭԱԵģؼҪʵʵذ
ҽҩļٴ򣬻Ҫ

˵NourseҽҪעйҽٵĻZasloveҽ
Ѿ߹һ׶ˣNourseʱǳë®Щ
ѾΪҵˡҪΪҽĸ߲εˣ
˵쵼ZasloveʱһλͬùݵǷ
ʹڲ쿴ʱһȶӣߴҽǿ
׳ĻʿƿˣǷæͣһҵװҽ
ѹѺ֪Լҽƶ˾٣
ȻֹԱǵĸµߺҽԼλãû
ʹಡҲҪųĽʹ

ҽΪҽϵĺĳԱκҽŶӵָӣҽҪ
ҽѧ֪ʶѧ쵼һ߶ЭŶӣҽҵҪţ
Ҫеҵ绤ҵ;мߵ
ΣҽҪҽҵ⣬Ҫҵ⣬κν
ڻرܶǲʵġ

йҽʱҽĵλƺȫΪ֮Ŭ
̬ܶ˼ʮʱ·ʹƽЧӦҲһ
У͸ĵλͼܹԹȥա

йҽһ棬ͦһҽĲŻ
øãѹҽǺҽУѹ
ĺҽ뻼߽ʹѹ

(XYS20080418)

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ְҽźù

ȫҫ
http://laotuzaizi.blog.hexun.com/18359864_d.html

412, ɹҽҩġҽҩйСͿ
ȫһվǼϣڶվൺ......ձƣȫת
ǡҽ⣬ĻгҲ⣬ҽȫ
еĻںһѧβ潡ҽȴ˴Ļ
ɴ˿ɼҽҩֶҽĶλʲô

ǰҵҽŷ͵͵¹Ųţ㶼Ҫǿ
ţ㶼ҪòšסҽְùģģⷽԶԶ
κһйعѧ鼮ҽһؾ
Թʵֱݵ顣ţȥԣҽְù
ҽĹѡΪһ쵽⡰ƾʲôǡΪǰ㡱

ôأҪҽıʺͻ˵𣬱šʡС
ǶԲ˵ɫΡ̬Ƚй۲죬Բ֪ಡ䣬
ζ棬Էֱ没ʵȣͨѯʻ߻
ߣ˽ⲡ飬Ͱ֣ҽָ֮
˽ⲡķ

ݹ¹䱾ʶûбȻ߼ϵ̸ʲ
ôͨ󿴱ʣһ㶼մѧıߡһţͺܸܿı
ʶٲôˡ˽ѵӣһ
пܷϰָӰ顣

飬ȫҫ⣬ֻҪһĿǰе
۲ݵйؼָòõƵĲ̬ͬȼ֪ͬƼָĴ
ҽԵƵĴҽ

Ϊʲôأһش𣿲˰ɣиС벻Ҫ
ɡЩҽĹ󹷡

Ӳһδεضҵ˵ŲŲҪһҪ
ĴţһҪȫְšҽźù

ʣѧΪйûгҽһйɫ
ѧ顣

(XYS20080418)

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7ڿѧ۶

ߣbangbu1996

˵7ڿѧˣҡһԵ̬ȡ»꣬
Ȼ׸ҵˡ֮У֮⣬סϲ

שͷɢŵī㣬ͷƺע
ҳдʫ鵱ͷȻܻҪһǣԵ
մٶ飬һĿУƬ̼Ϳۡǰøѧ6
ڿѧۣӡڣȽϣζ

7Ըƪ̸ѭ֤ҽѧıȽϡԡŴҽѧ
ǴľҽѧáŴҽѧһʣС֮Ϊָľǡ
ҽѭ֤ҽѧϣҲΪܡ19ͷչ
ִҽѧѾ˽ʡҩȻѧƵ֧֣Ϊٴ
˿ѧĻڻҽѧ֪ʶ͸ˣȨе
ƣûп͹۵ı׼ԡȻǾҽѧķ롱
汳˼˵Խҽѧ¡ִҽѧʷʵһ
ʮʱ䣬꼴ѭ֤ҽѧ

רҵѧƵķչ̸SARSοרۣۼȷ
;Чķδʩʱ飬һἰҽ
ҽ˿ǶΪҽĹʹҽأбҪҽڿѧҲһר
˵Ȼǳ˸ưͿٺ١

7ĸĶɾ˵6ҽϡһΡһ
˵ױ棬ڿƼҽƱȵҽҽ
Чáźǣ˶֪νġסҽԼ
νġЧáδõҽѧĳϡΪʲô͡Чáأԭ
ҽҩҽҩϣȡ̣ӸƣЧĵ
Զ׼ġһϡһԶ׼ǵ
͵뵱ȻһԸִҽѧǡǡǲʲôԶ׼ĵģ
ҽѧϵһһһһ¿ҲþͿĳЩ
羭ѭ֤ҽѧȷ֤ʵҽƣЧҽҩߣӦԲ
á仰ǲģִҽѧûŻ֮ǣһ
ҽѧϵġȷ֤ʵΪֹûУڡҽϵ
·ҽѧһ壬пܴһҹɫµҽѧ
ģʽǵ͵İΡҽϡһεɾνԴ7
ڿѧ㡣

飬飬Ժ󣬴һ¿

(XYS20080418)

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ҽ¼813ʮβ

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8ʮβ˳Ѫ

1ȡһͷճɻң˿ϡ

2ӽߣŮPzaiڵϻۣȡ
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ϸ˿ֹѪķʮǰȱҽҩʱЩطá
ֹѪֵȾĲࡣ֪ЩԱˮϡͶƷ
ע䣬עöˣҲûȾɼ
ǺǿġǣΪҽԱΪͲ
һҪһ

9ʮβ

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ȡҺ˿ϡ

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ȡΧ֯г綹Сϸ飬Сһͷ飬
ˮִγ֭ûнɣʹܿʧ

˷ûĸȷ˵ΧΧȡţϴϴ
ʲôĴСȣÿγԶ٣ҪԼա飬϶
ΪûպãĲϵء

10ʮβ˷

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ȡڣ飬ȡ2ݣһݣˮȣھ
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1    ȡ鳤ʯϴˮĦĥˮʯ֭˿ϡ

2    ȡˮʳȷݣȡĩңٲ˪ˮУ
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3    Nʯ󣬺飬˪,綾պ飬ĩ
飬Ӵװ뱭á

û˵õNʯĩ˶ٺöıӣ

12ʮβ

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1ʱ˫ֽˮ˿14ΣףԻ֮
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2ףɴʣĸΪ꣬Ѱڶġ


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ࣿ߻ش𣺡̶࣡Ҫͷһֱǰܡ

3»գµףлˮĿݾߣþɨɨ14ΣףԻ
»ޣɧɨ౱ܣɨ㶪ھˮҪпݾ
֮Żлˮ

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain) ķǣ

You got to go all by yourself,to the middle of the woods, where 
you know theres a spunk-water stump, and just as its midnight you 
back up against the stump and jam your hand in and say:

Barley-corn, barley-corn, Injun-meal shorts,

Spunk-water, spunk-water, swaller these warts,

And then walk away quick, eleven steps, with your eyes shut, and 
turn around there times and walk home without speaking to anybody. 
Because if you speak the charms busted.

ɺ£һ˶ԵҵǸװʥˮգ
ҹգˮӣд˵

׷ۣ

ˮˮӡ

ű۾ϿʮһתȦȻߣ·ϲҪκ
˵ֻҪһ˵Ͳˡ

µġķɳҮռǡ1876꣬ʮдڹ
Ԫǰ168꣬2000꣬ѵֵù⽾⻹ӡ
֤һʥĶͨģ˭Գֵ硣鲻飬
Ƿз棬ĳϲϵ⡣϶ǲġ

(XYS20080418)

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Ƥ֮棬ëɸ

rdy

һҩҩȫǺ۵Ķֲ΢
ʡ(ν""ָҽʹЩʣִҽѧ
ȷʹĳЩеĳЩѧɷ)Щڵϴڵʱ
ơҽĳ֣Žǽǧ顣

ЩʣҽֻҽֺЩʲҽﱻ
Ϊҩž"ʹԺζζ"ȵ˵

ҽۣѾйŽʶ֮ʿִѧ֤Ϊѧ
ЩΪһֹŴҽѧⲢ֡Ľҽʷ
йŴҽѧһʱ˳ʷ̨ˣֵôС
֡

ҽˣҩҲͳޱ֮ľԴ֮ˮûҽû"
ʹԺζζ"ȶܽҩƤ֮棬ëɸ

ִѧ(ִҽѧ)ЩʵоҲǳҽʹù
һȥģѭҽʶȥоġоҽҩ
ûκθϵ

ԣִѧЩڵϳڴڡֻڱҽɹ
ҩʽоҲܳǶҩо

˵ˣЩʣҲֻҽһҵҩʹùҽҽӡ
ذҽҲҩʹѵоʱҪʹ
ҽֶго"ҩҩҩӡذҩ
"Ŷ

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š۴ס180Ԫ ʽ

̨417ձ Ϻȵر÷зġ۴סʵ
ҲСȵ̳ȵط֣һ80ԪĴڸ
ۡ

Ա˵ʵڽ괺ǰˣʵڲô

ԭǽĹ

۴סԽ깱׼ţûɫоװ
398ԪУÿе5൱80Ԫ

Ϻгÿ995Ԫġ۴ȣԽ
˵Ҫˡ˲٣гЩͨȣǿ
ۡ

ұۣ۴סȻǴͷ

깱ҵվϵƣⶨ ʺ
ͨ׸һҺḻάBһ΢Ԫأ
Ʒ

⣬ʲôطܳ׵ģֻнһг
״֣ջĶ200ңԪնΪ
֣ɹȥ11깱׵һУس
5ԭع״ÿ138Ԫۣ4ͨ׻

ʵòô

̳ĴԱ߼ߣ״ӴǰͿʼˣʵ
òô

̳⼸¼ʽ򣬡ԱЦ˵ô˭


߿ҲһЩߺض ۴סҿ
ͷˡ

һλߵͱʾƣһ40ԪϵһֻѼˣһ׵
ӪܸһֻѼӣ

еһλԱЦƣôף˵ĻҲ˼ʶа
˼һ80Ԫ˻Եпۼ۲Żš

ʲô񲻺ãαػ398ԪǮ5סһλߵ٩һ
80Ԫѵܳϰ (ߣл)

(XYS20080418)

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ҸιǾƸ

ߣlw56102

˭֪ҸǸ⣬Ƕڸ˻ǹңҺִҽѧ
ȻܸҸβˣѾ˽ҸθȾʵķЧ
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